Data releases

Europe’s financial and industrial engines are facing escalating risk of damage due to climate change extreme weather, with the risk of flood damage to property and infrastructure already estimated to be 30% worse due to climate and projected to double by 2100 under a high-emissions scenario, according to XDI's new benchmarking report.

Forest fires are raging across parts of Europe including Spain, Portugal, Greece, Türkiye and the Balkans, fuelled by extreme heat, wind, and drought. Fires like these have burnt through more than 409,000 hectares in the EU so far this year - almost double the average recorded over the last 19 years. How much worse can it get? According to XDI’s analysis, a lot. XDI has analysed forest fire risk to every state and province in Europe, from 1990 to 2100. Read some of the highlights in our short report.

This report provides the most comprehensive picture yet of how climate hazards threaten the critical infrastructure that powers our digital economy. As demand for data centre capacity accelerates, understanding these risks is essential for building resilience into the backbone of modern life.

This white-paper proposes a breakthrough approach to adaptation reporting: the P-FIVE framework. The P-FIVE model focuses on what matters most — the performance outcomes of adaptation measures — enabling machine-readable, scalable reporting that can help companies demonstrate resilience and allows stakeholders to accurately assess and compare physical climate risk.

By the end of January 2025, wildfires in Los Angeles had destroyed or damaged over 18,000 structures, claimed at least 29 lives and forced approximately 200,000 residents to evacuate. Alarmingly, fewer than a quarter of damaged properties were insured against fire. The event is the costliest wildfire in U.S. history, impacting the insurance industry globally. In this case study XDI focused on comparing the results of its modelling with the real areas affected by the 2025 LA fires, and future forest fire risk in LA County and California more broadly under a high emissions scenario (RCP 8.5/SSP 5-8.5) in five-year intervals from 1990 until 2100.

The 2024 XDI APAC REIT Physical Climate Risk Report analyses 2,134 assets held by the 20 largest (by market capitalisation) REITs in Japan, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong to provide a snapshot of climate change risks to global real estate investments. It also ranks these 20 REITs - who have a combined market capitalisation value of more than US$142 billion - according to their physical climate risk.

The XDI Gross Domestic Climate Risk dataset is a direct response to demand from investors for data on sub-sovereign and regional risk. The capability and results provide a new level of detail and sophistication in physical climate risk analysis that can be used to consider the effect of climate change extreme weather on sovereign, sub-sovereign and corporate debt, and builds on growing concern about these issues raised by the global finance sector.

XDI has analysed over 200,000 hospitals around the world for risk of damage from 6 different climate change hazards from 1990 until the end of the century. The risk arising from two different emissions scenarios (i) RCP 8.5 (around 4.3 ºC) and RCP 2.6 (1.8 ºC or under) was compared. The analysis was published ahead of the inaugural Health Day at the COP28 UN Climate Conference.